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As the world leans more towards digital technologies, as more businesses focus on online and physical presence, and as content continues to dominate, web development becomes even more essential.
Accordingly, one of the best programming languages for better frontend development is JavaScript. That’s why, today, we want to show you some of the top JavaScript trends that can help boost your web application’s success.
Dark mode has been one of the recent web development trends that have been blowing up everywhere. As a result, almost all popular apps can switch to a dark mode or stick with the standard light mode.
Moreover, since it uses less color and brightness, the dark mode also helps preserve the battery and makes it last longer. Some people also claim that dark selection can be beneficial for specific visual impairments. For web designers, the dark mode also allows them to use colors more creatively, as the black background of the dark option can help colors stand out even more.
Using this script snippet results in the widget appearing on your site automatically so that users can conveniently switch between their preferred themes. The plugin is relatively lightweight, and since it uses local storage, it will remember and save the last chosen theme.
Another JavaScript trend that remains on top for a few years and is gradually garnering more popularity is React.js. React is an open source, frontend, and entirely free JavaScript library for developing smooth and effective user interfaces, especially for single-page apps.
Facebook developed the React library several years ago and has built it into one of the most popular JavaScript libraries for frontend developers. In 2020, 80% of front-end developers were using React only. In addition, many companies like WhatsApp and Airbnb have taken on this library as well.
The reason behind this is that React offers a lot of convenience and benefits for today’s developers. The programming library is easy to learn and even easier to use. It comes with many tutorials and documents explaining how to utilize the library best.
If you are already skilled in JavaScript, picking up React will be no trouble at all, and you will find yourself easily using it within a few days. React also comes with a lot of reusable components, which are a lifesaver for any developer.
The JavaScript framework uses small user interface components, which you can use to create more prominent parts or reuse again to save your time and efforts. All the pieces have their logic, and they can control their rendering, which allows you to use them again wherever and whenever you need them quickly.
Convenience is important to me. It helps me navigate the flow more efficiently. How about you?
All this makes it easy to develop and maintain apps. In addition, since you are reusing the same essential components, you can keep your projects’ same feel and look. Other popular libraries besides React include Angular, Vue, and Svelte.
A better user experience does not just include a smooth and fast website. It also contains a unique and creatively designed website and what better way to show off your creativity than through animations.
Animations can make your website visually striking and keep visitors hooked on your page. They can help differentiate your website from all the usual static websites. If you think you need to go out and do some special courses on animation, we’ve got some good news.
JavaScript has several libraries that allow you to integrate animations on your website easily. These libraries include anime.js and JSTweener. You can input these into your website code, customize the code, and voila! Your animations are ready.
Especially if you are running a business or have a product checkout page on your website, employing data visualization tools can significantly help you in many ways. First, it can improve the user interface and experience by filling out fields quickly and accurately.
As a result, the whole checkout experience for visitors and potential customers becomes much more accessible and makes them more willing to follow through on their purchases. Due to all these benefits, data visualization is a big trend within JavaScript for business and marketing purposes.
All you need is a little <input />
One specific library that is quite useful is Algolia Places. It allows you to create much more efficient forms, which help inaccurate data input and quick form filling. In addition, you can incorporate a map that will conveniently display a specific location for better data visualization.
Algolia Places uses OpenStreetMap’s extensive database and is incredibly fast to use. In addition, it can handle some typing mistakes and simplifies the entire checkout process for users.
Incorporating full-screen videos on your webpage is one of the most popular JavaScript trends developers utilize these days. Again, rather than creating an essential static website, incorporating dynamic videos and GIFs can help make your website more interactive and offer a better user experience.
A better user experience, then, can help drive more traffic to your website, making it easy to push your content, raise awareness about your brand and increase your ROI for your marketing and business objectives. But, how can you add full-screen videos to your website?
JavaScript offers a great resource: Bideo.js. This library makes it super easy to add full-screen videos to your website’s background. While it takes a while to load, you do not have to write endless code to incorporate the video smoothly.
The library has everything you need to add the videos along with several customization options quickly. The code works great for screens of all sizes and various platforms as well. This JavaScript tool can help play high-quality and engaging videos smoothly in the background, whether a computer or mobile. You can resize the video according to the browser, and it is also easy to implement using CSS or HTML.
For more information and to develop web applications using modern front-end technology, Hire Front-End Developer from us as we give you a high-quality solution by utilizing all the latest tools and advanced technology. E-mail us any clock at – hello@hkinfosoft.com or Skype us: “hkinfosoft“.
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JavaScript is a very powerful programming language these days. There is a lot that you can do with it. In addition to that, JavaScript has a huge ecosystem that allows you to discover a lot of useful tools, frameworks, and libraries.
JavaScript has a lot of powerful features and tools that make the life of the developer much easier. The syntax contains a lot of shorthands that you can use to write JavaScript code much faster and reduce lines. Especially in the latest ECMAScript specifications.
In this article, we will give you a list of shorthands that you can use in JavaScript. So let’s get right into it.
Normally, to convert a string to a number, we use the method parseInt() . However, there is a shorthand that allows us to do that.
By using the unary operator + , we can easily convert a string into a number.
Here is an example:
let speed = "60"; console.log(typeof speed); //string console.log(typeof +speed); //number console.log(+speed); //60, not "60".
As you can see, only by adding + at the beginning of the variable speed , we were able to convert the speed to a number.
There is also another shorthand to convert from a number into a string. It’s by simply adding an empty string to the number.
Here is an example:
let speed = 100; speed += ""; //returns "100" , not 100. console.log(typeof speed); //string
Another shorthand is the ternary operator, it allows us to easily write conditional statements in a short way using the keywords ? and : .
Here is an example using IF else statements:
Longhand:
let speed = 80; if(speed < 30){ console.log('slow'); }else if(speed > 60){ console.log('fast'); }else{ console.log('between 30 and 60'); } //output: fast
Here is the same example, but now using the ternary operator instead:
Shorthand:
let speed = 80; console.log(speed < 30 ? 'slow': speed > 60 ? 'fast' : 'between 30 & 60'); //output: fast
As you can see, by using the ternary operator shorthand, we were able to easily reduce the amount of code we had to write. It only took us 2 lines of code to write the conditional statements.
Have a look at the below example using an IF statement.
Longhand:
let isOnline = true; if(isOnline){ console.log("Online"); } //returns "online"
We can write the same statement using the short circuit && . Here is the example:
Shorthand:
let isOnline = true; isOnline && console.log("Online"); //returns "online"
The short circuit evaluation && is one of the shorthands that allow you to write short conditionals. It’s used between two values, if the first value is truthy, it returns the second value. Otherwise, it returns the first value.
The best shorthand to flatten a multidimensional array is by using the method flat(). We have seen, a lot of developers use the method filter, concat, and all other long ways to flatten an array. Maybe because they don’t know about the flat method yet.
So this amazing method allows you to flatten an array in one single line of code. It accepts one optional argument(number), which is the level of flattening(how deep you want to flatten an array).
Here is an example:
let numbers = [9, [102, 5], [6, 3], 2]; numbers.flat(); //returns [9, 102, 5, 6, 3, 2]
When it comes to merging and cloning arrays in JavaScript, the spread operator {…} is the best shorthand you can use.
Merging arrays:
const employees = ["Chris", "John"]; const entrepreneurs = ["James", "Anna"]; //merging both arrays to a new array. const all = [...employees, ...entrepreneurs]; console.log(all); //output: ["Chris", "John", "James", "Anna"]
Cloning an array:
const numbers = [4, 8, 9, 0]; //cloning the numbers array. const clone = [...numbers]; console.log(clone); //output: [4, 8, 9, 0]
Mostly when we want to loop through an array using a for loop, we do it like this:
Longhand:
const users = ["John", "Chris", "Mehdi", "James"]; for(let i = 0; i < users.length; i++){ console.log(users[i]); } /*output: John Chris Mehdi James */
But we can achieve the same thing using the loop for of shorthand:
Shorthand:
const users = ["John", "Chris", "Mehdi", "James"]; for (let user of users){ console.log(user); } /*output: John Chris Mehdi James*/
Arrow functions are a shorthand that allows you to easily write functions in a short way and reduce your code.
Here are the examples:
Normal function:
function addNums(x, y){ return x + y; } addNums(6, 5); //11
Arrow function:
const addNums = (x, y)=> x + y; addNums(6, 5); //11
As you can see, these are some of the popular shorthands that you can use in JavaScript. They allow you to reduce code syntax and keep your code short as much as you can.
For more information and to develop web applications using modern front-end technology, Hire Front-End Developer from us as we give you a high-quality solution by utilizing all the latest tools and advanced technology. E-mail us any clock at – hello@hkinfosoft.com or Skype us: “hkinfosoft“.
To develop your custom web app using JavaScript, please visit our technology page.
We always say that JavaScript is full of surprises. It never fails to amaze us. Every day, we learn something new about this programming language. Something which is very small but can make a huge impact on your code. Something which is worth sharing.
In this article, we’re going to share eight JavaScript hacks that you can use in your day-to-day stuff. So let’s learn something new!
It’s very common to use event listeners in your web app, not just in Vanilla JS applications, but also in modern JS frameworks and libraries like Angular and React.
To cite an example, let’s say we want to do something on a button click. We can use event listeners here. Often, we want to act whenever a specific event fires. But what if we want to do it only once?
Not to worry. We can actually execute our event listeners only once by simply doing this:
const button = document.querySelector('button'); button.addEventListener('click', () => { console.log('We will only run once'); },{ once: true })
To be honest, all of us have faced a situation where we felt like our web application is getting slower and we are not able to find out why. We’ve felt like we are doing everything as it should be, but still the browser is taking time to show the first content of our application.
Well, this might be because of long scripts getting executed before HTML. Often, we add our scripts inand we forgot that the next statements will not be executed until the script in <HEAD> finishes its execution.
We can simply use the defer attribute with our scripts to execute them after the HTML content.
/* No matter where you place this script tag inside the HTML, this will only run when the HTML content is completely loaded. */ <script src="main.js" defer></script>
It’s always recommended to use shorthand to make our code look cleaner. As no application can survive without conditionals like the if statement, we should know the shortcuts for that, too. And thankfully, JavaScript provides the && operator.
We can shorten our conditional checking by using the && operator.
let condition = true; // Long way if (condition) { someFunction(); } // Short way condition && someFunction();
We can simply generate a random number from a given range with just one line of code. These kinds of tricks are very useful in real-world applications.
function randomNumber(num1, num2) { return Math.random() * (num2 - num1) + num1; } console.log(randomNumber(50, 100)); // Expected output - random number between 50 and 100 (50 and 100 will be inclusive)
This is one of the hacks which We love the most. We can empty an array just by giving the value 0 to its length property.
let sampleArray = ["John", "Bob", "Mark", "Alex"]; sampleArray.length = 0; console.log(sampleArray); // Output - [] (it's empty now)
We can use the Object.entries() method to check whether an object is empty or not. Since Object.entries() returns the array of the object’s enumerable properties, therefore if the length of that array is 0, that means the object is empty such that the object has 0 property.
let sampleObj = { name: "Mark", occupation: "Developer" }; let emptyObj = {}; console.log(Object.entries(sampleObj).length === 0); // false console.log(Object.entries(emptyObj).length === 0); // false
From ES6, we have a new concept in JavaScript which is called Set.
"Set objects are collections of values. You can iterate through the elements of a set in insertion order. A value in the Set may only occur once; it is unique in the Set's collection." — MDN Docs
Since Set in JavaScript is a collection of items that are unique, i.e., no element can be repeated, therefore we can use it to filter duplicate values from an array.
This trick is again very simple but very useful. First, we will convert our array into Set, and as Set doesn’t have duplicate values, our new Set will have unique values from our array. Then we simply convert this new Set back into an array.
let namesArray = ["John", "Bob", "Mark", "Alex", "Mark", "Alain", "Bob"]; console.log([...new Set(namesArray)]); // Output - ["John", "Bob", "Mark", "Alex", "Alain"]
Since objects in JavaScript are reference types, we can’t simply use = to clone them, so with the below three methods, you can properly clone an object using just one line.
const person = { name: "Mark", username: "@markcodes" }; // Using Object.assign() Method const clonePerson1 = Object.assign({}, person); // Using JSON const clonePerson2 = JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(person)); // Using Spread Operator const clonePerson3 = { ...person };
For more information and to develop web applications using modern front-end technology, Hire Front-End Developer from us as we give you a high-quality solution by utilizing all the latest tools and advanced technology. E-mail us any clock at – hello@hkinfosoft.com or Skype us: “hkinfosoft“.
To develop your custom web app using JavaScript, please visit our technology page.
Frontend development is very important these days. There are a lot of tasks that a frontend developer has to do on a daily basis.
As front-end developers, we write a lot of HTML, CSS, and JavaScript code all the time. Knowing some coding tips could be very beneficial for us. That’s why in this article, I decided to share with you some frontend coding tips that you probably don’t know.
Do you know that you can hide an HTML element without using JavaScript?
By using the attribute hidden, you can easily hide an HTML element natively. As a result, that element won’t be displayed on the web page.
Here is the code example:
<p hidden>This paragraph won't show up. It's hidden by HTML.</p>
It’s always a good practice to use shorthands in order to make your CSS code smaller. The property inset in CSS is a useful shorthand for the four properties top , left , right , and bottom .
If these four properties have the same value, you can just use the property inset instead and your code will look much cleaner.
Here is an example:
Bad practice:
div{ position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; bottom: 0; right: 0; }
Good practice:
div{ position: absolute; inset: 0; }
You can easily detect internet speed in JavaScript by using the navigator object. It’s very simple.
Here is an example:
navigator.connection.downlink;
As you can see above, it gives me 5.65 since my internet speed is not good at all.
Again, you can easily use the method vibrate()in the navigator object to vibrate your phone.
Here is an example:
//vibrating the device for 500 milliseconds window.navigator.vibrate(500);
So as you can see, the device in this situation will vibrate for 500 milliseconds.
By using only CSS, you can disable pull to refresh on mobile. The property overscroll-behavior-y allows us to do that. Just give it the value contain .
Here is the example:
body{ overscroll-behavior-y: contain; }
There will be situations where you will need to prevent the user from pasting text into inputs.
Well, you can easily do that in JavaScript using a paste event listener.
Here is an example:
<input type="text"></input> <script> //selecting the input. const input = document.querySelector('input'); //prevent the user to paste text by using the paste eventListener. input.addEventListener("paste", function(e){ e.preventDefault() }) </script>
As a result, now users can’t paste the copied text into the input field.
Databases are the backbone of our applications, and the more you learn about how they work, the better you will be at using them, writing applications against them, and troubleshooting problems when things inevitably go wrong.
So let’s dive into seven things you should (probably) know about databases.
We’ve seen a lot of dogmatic fist-banging about “the best” or “the worst” database, but the truth is the best database is the one that works best for your application. There’s no one-size-fits-all sort of database just like there’s no one-size-fits-all programming language or operating system.
When starting a new project, choosing the right database can be one of the most crucial decisions that you’ll make. So how should you choose which DB to use? We put together a list of five things to consider in our article on databases for developers, but let us also quickly go through them here.
What kind of data will be stored in the database?
Are you storing log files or user accounts?
How complex is the data that will be stored?
Can the data be normalized easily?
How uniform is the data?
Does your data roughly follow the same schema or is it disparate or heavily nested?
How often will it need to be read or written?
Is your application read- or write-heavy, or both?
Are there environmental or business considerations?
Do we have existing agreements with vendors? Do I need vendor support?
By answering these questions, you can help narrow down your choices to a few candidates. Once there, testing should tell you which one is the best for your application.
Sometimes you don’t have a choice and the database is already chosen for you. Whether you came to the project after it was started or political winds forced you a certain way, using the wrong database for the job can be frustrating.
But equally, if not more, frustrating is the progress of migrating databases should you get the opportunity. Once you start down one path, it’s not easy to simply change paths in the middle of things. Not only do you have to figure out a way to replicate your data from one database to another and learn a whole new system, but depending on how tightly coupled your database code is with the rest of your application, you might also be looking at extensive rewrites as well. Changing databases is not a task that should be undertaken lightly and without a lot of consideration, debate, testing, and planning. There are so many ways that things can go horribly wrong. This is why #2 is so important: Once you choose, it’s hard to undo that choice.
The debate about using a SQL or NoSQL database will go on forever. We get that. But often missed in this argument is the fact that NoSQL databases don’t replace SQL databases. They complement them.
There are some things that NoSQL databases do very well and there are some things that SQL databases do very well. Prometheus is very good at storing time-series data like metrics, but you wouldn’t want to use MySQL for that. Is it technically possible? Yes, but it’s not designed for that and you’re not going to get the best performance or developer experience out of it. On the flip side, you wouldn’t want to use Redis to store highly relational data like user accounts or financial transactions for the same reasons. Sure, you could make it work in the code, but why add that complexity and headache when you could just use the right tool for the job?
There is going to be some inevitable overlap in some areas. There are some excellent databases that are technically NoSQL that do a good job of storing relational data (see: Couchbase), but there are other outside factors that go into using one over the other. Factors like client language support, operational tooling, cloud support, and others are all things to take into account when choosing a database.
For more information and to develop web applications using modern front-end technology, Hire Front-End Developer from us as we give you a high-quality solution by utilizing all the latest tools and advanced technology. E-mail us any clock at – hello@hkinfosoft.com or Skype us: “hkinfosoft“.
To develop your custom web app using JavaScript, please visit our technology page.
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React 17 was focused on improving the fundamentals but there are few important things that got added in React 18. The React Team revealed new features that would be coming to React in React 18 and in this blog, we will explore these features and how they can help you in the near future!
Strict Mode has a few additions such as a new behaviour called “strict effects”. This allows us to double-invoke effects like mount and unmount. It creates an environment to correct behaviour with Fast Refresh during development, not only looking for more resilient components. There is also an ‘offscreen API’ which is currently being built.
An offscreen API will enable better performance by hiding components instead of unmounting them, keeping the state, and still calling the mount/unmount effects.
There is now major improvements with automatic batching. We will first look at performance.
React already batched, in other words grouped, multiple state updates into one to minimise unnecessary re-renders. However, elements like Promises, timeouts, or other handlers didn’t take advantage of it as it was only limited to DOM event handlers.
This all changes with React 18 which will batch state updates without limits, as long as it’s safe to do. The result, you ask?…This would create better performance without any additional involvement.
There are huge improvements to automatic batching. In the earlier versions of React, it uses to batch multiple state updates into one to reduce unnecessary re-renders. The problem was it was done only in DOM event handlers and not in promises, timeouts, or other handlers.
Let’s look at the below code on how batching occurs with earlier versions of React.
export default function App() { const [count, setCount] = useState(0); const [color, setColor] = useState(undefined); const handleClick = () => { setCount(count + 1); //No re-render setColor(count % 2 === 0 ? "Green" : "Red"); //No re-render // Now re-renders once at the end (this is batching) } return ( <> <button onClick={handleClick}>Next</button> <span style={{ color: count % 2 === 0 ? "red" : "green", }}> {color} </span> </> ); }
With React 18, promises, timeouts, or other handlers will also take advantage of that. It will batch state updates no matter where they happen. This will result in better performance.
Let’s look at the below code where batching occurs. In the below code batching works fine with React 18 but earlier versions of React will not batch it.
export default function App() { const [count, setCount] = useState(0); const [color, setColor] = useState(undefined); const handleClick = () => { Promise.resolve().then(() => { setCount(count + 1); //Re-render setColor(count % 2 === 0 ? "Green" : "Red"); //Re-render }); } return ( <> <button onClick={handleClick}>Next</button> <span style={{ color: count % 2 === 0 ? "red" : "green", }}> {color} </span> </> ); }
However, if there is a need where we don’t want our component to be batched, we can opt-out that component using ReactDOM.flushSync().
Concurrent rendering is definitely one to look for as it is by far the biggest update with React 18.
Prior to this name, it was called ‘concurrent mode’. The change in name signifies the enabling of gradual adoption of concurrent features. This allows us to adopt concurrent features without rewriting code and do so at your own pace.
With React 18, we get several new APIs which come in many forms.
Its purpose is to spot state updates as transitions, making handling them non-urgent.
This hook will give you a deferred element of the passed value, which will follow the original one, up to provided timeout.
The ‘useDeferredValue’ is a hook that will return a deferred version of the passed value. It takes in the state value and a timeout in milliseconds. It will return a deferred version of the value that may “lag behind” it for most timeouts.
import { useDeferredValue } from "react"; const [text, setText] = useState("react js"); const deferredText = useDeferredValue(text, { timeoutMs: 2000 });
This is commonly used to keep the UI responsive when we have something that renders immediately based on user input and something that needs to wait for a data fetch.
In the previous version of react, the below code would result in ReadyComponent being immediately mounted and its effects called. Like its name, Suspense suspends something until it’s ready to be rendered.
<Suspense fallback={<Loading />}> <ComponentWaitingForData /> <ReadyComponent /> </Suspense>
This has been taken care of in React 18.
Referring to the above code, Now it won’t mount the ReadyComponent, instead will waiting for ComponentWaitingForData to resolve first.
A SuspenseList excepts a two prop. ‘revealOrder’ and ‘tail’.
‘revealOrder’ is one of SuspenseList configuration options. It can be undefined, together, forwards, and backwards.
‘tail’ props dictates how the unloaded items in a SuspenseList are shown. Its value can either be collapsed or hidden.
<SuspenseList revealOrder="forwards" > <Suspense fallback={<p>Loading attendance...</p>}> <Attendance id={facultyID}/> </Suspense> <Suspense fallback={<p>Loading homework...</p>}> <Homework id={facultyID}/> </Suspense> </SuspenseList>
The above code with SuspenseList demonstrates that we can set the revealOrder to force the attendance to appear first and then the homework section.
<SuspenseList revealOrder="forwards" tail="collapsed"> <Suspense fallback={<p>Loading attendance...</p>}> <Attendance id={facultyID}/> </Suspense> <Suspense fallback={<p>Loading homework...</p>}> <Homework id={facultyID}/> </Suspense> </SuspenseList>
The above code demonstrates that only one fallback is shown at a time. i.e first the fallback for the attendance and then the fallback for the homework.
createRoot will replace the render function. The new API is the gateway to accessing new React 18 features. It’s meant to encourage gradual adoption and ease-out potential performance comparisons.
For more information and to develop web application using React JS, Hire React Developer from us as we give you a high-quality product by utilizing all the latest tools and advanced technology. E-mail us any clock at – hello@hkinfosoft.com or Skype us: “hkinfosoft”. To develop custom web apps using React JS, please visit our technology page.
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Angular provides unmatchable features that make it the most preferred framework in the Web Development industry today. The Angular version 12.0.0 release has come up again with the most compelling features and customization options to take your development journey to a new horizon. The new release of the Angular 12.0.0 version brings updates on the framework, the CLI, and components.
Let’s have a look at the unique and unparalleled features in Angular 12.0.0:
The Angular team has focused on enforcing secure and strict methods of checking for reactive forms. The new update will help developers to look out for issues in the development stage. This upgrade will also enable better text editor and ide support allowing the developer better developer ergonomics with strict typing for Angular/forms. The previous versions were not as aggressive in addressing this issue, but Angular 12 does it perfectly.
When the transition to Ivy of all internal tooling gets done, removing the legacy View engine becomes the next challenge. No worries! The newly added removing legacy View Engine aims to reduce framework overheads. This is because of smaller Angular conceptual overhead, smaller package size, saving on maintenance cost, and decrease in the complexity of the codebase. With the knowledge of Ivy, it’s the best path to take while using the latest version of Angular. An application that has upgraded to the latest version of Angular (Angular 12.0) and is keeping enable Ivy as false, should consider this since in the future they cannot upgrade to the latest version if they don’t start using Ivy.
Design and implement a plan to make Zone.js optional. This will, in turn, simplify the framework, improve debugging, and minimize application bundle size.Zone.js does not support native async/await syntax and when Zone.js is optional and a developer can choose not to use it then Angular will be able to support native async/ await syntax.
Testbed automatic clean-up and tear down of the test environment after each test run, will improve test time and create better isolation across tests.
This will simplify the Angular mental model and learning. This will allow the developers to develop standalone components and implement other types of APIs for the declaration of the component compilation scope. On the other hand, we have to note that this change might make it hard for existing applications to migrate to this.
This feature will allow developers to have more control over the compilation scope for a particular component without giving much thought to the NgModule they belong to.
Adding directives to host elements has been on high request by Angular developers for a long time. The new release allows developers to architecture their components with additional characteristics without using inheritance. At the moment you cannot add directives to host elements, but you can improvise using: host CSS selector. As the selector of these components also becomes a DOM element, we could have more possibilities if we could add more directives to this element too.
The Angular compiler being distributed as a TypeScript plugin will significantly improve the developer’s build performance and reduce the cost.
The slow initial load time is the major problem with web applications. Applying more granular code-splitting on a component level can solve this problem. This will mean smaller builds and faster launch time and in return result in improved FCP.
That’s all for the new release.
Now, let us take a look at the possibilities that are in progress and will be available shortly.
Firstly, this will result in faster applications. Loading external stylesheets is a blocking operation. This means that the browser cannot initiate rendering an application without first loading all the referenced CSS. Its FCP (First Contentful Paint) can be improved by having a render-blocking in the header of a page that can visibly improve the load performance.
To date, the Angular language service still uses the View Engine compiler and type checking even for Ivy applications. The goal is to improve the experience and to remove the legacy dependency. This will be achieved by transitioning from View Engine to Ivy. The team at Angular wants to start using the Ivy template parser and improved type checking for the Angular language service to match Angular application behaviour. This will simplify Angular, npm size reduction, and improve the framework’s maintainability.
The error messages bring limited information on how a developer can take actions to resolve them. The Angular team is working on codes, developing guides, and other measures to ensure an easy debugging experience and make error messages more discoverable.
In conjunction with the Google security team, the Angular team is working on adding support for the new Trusted Type API. This API will aid developers to make more secure web applications.
With Angular, the CLI Webpack 5 stability will continue urging for the implementation to enable build speed and bundle size improvements.
Integrating MDC weblink will align Angular Material closely with the material design specification, expand the accessibility reach, improve component quality and improve the overall team velocity.
The team at Angular could focus its attention on working on tooling that will help in the provision of utilities for debugging and performance profiling. The primary aim is to help the developers understand the component structure and the means to note changes in the angular application.
MDC web is a library created by the Google Material Design team that provides reusable primitives for building material design components.
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Web developers love nothing more than finding amazing extensions that accelerate the development process.
One such tool is Chrome DevTools, which offers a lot of features and it is the go-to tool for frontend developers, of all levels.
DevTools has a wide array of features and options, and Google has done a fantastic job documenting this tool.
However, despite the comprehensive documentation, there is still a list of helpful tools and features that most developers don’t know about.
From emulating mobile devices to finding useless JavaScript code, we’ll be covering 9 secret features the DevTools has to offer in this blog.
Your website will be accessed by people from around the globe using devices of different sizes and platforms.
You can build websites that are responsive using media queries, but what about network speed?
Not every one of your visitors will have the same network speed, hence you need to check how your site behaves with different network speeds.
Luckily, DevTools has the option to switch between 3 network presets:
You also get the ability to add a custom profile.
You can find this feature under the Network tab, by clicking on the “No throttling” dropdown menu.
DevTools has an excellent code editor inbuilt.
If you’re someone who edits CSS or any code using this tool, you will absolutely love the multi-cursor support.
It’s very easy to set up as well. All you need to do is press and hold Ctrl( Command on Mac) and click on lines where you want multiple cursors.
You can also undo your selections by pressing and holding Ctrl(Command on Mac) + U.
Moreover, you can also press Alt and drag to get multiple cursors. You can see the implementation here.
For me, dark mode increases visibility & reduces eye strain. There are many upsides to using dark mode, as well as downsides.
Various articles cover this topic.
We use the dark mode wherever possible, from the Twitter app to our calculator app.
DevTools is no exception.
To enable the dark mode, open the Settings by clicking the three vertical dots present in the right corner of the screen.
Then go to Preferences > Appearance > Theme and finally select Dark.
You can quickly open a Command Menu by pressing Ctrl(CMD on Mac)+Shift+P when DevTools is opened.
It provides a fast way to navigate the DevTools and over time, you become familiar with it.
This feature is handy if you are familiar with VS Code’s Command Palette.
You can delete the > and replace it with ? to see all the features offered by this menu.
Modern JavaScript apps are becoming increasingly complicated and rely on a ton of third-party libraries.
There’s always some code that’s not used and is rendered redundant.
DevTools helps you locate such redundant code that may unnecessarily be hampering your site speed.
To do so, click the three vertical dots on the top-right corner of DevTools. Then click More Tools and select Coverage.
All you need to now is reload the page and the newly popped up panel will display the unused JavaScript code.
You can see the total bytes as well as the unused bytes along with the visual usage bar.
If your primary browser is some other browser that doesn’t offer such tools, and you only use Chrome for the Devtools, then this feature can be incredibly useful to you.
There is a global option under DevTools settings to auto-open DevTools for popups.
However, the better way of doing this is by starting DevTools not just on popups but with the Chrome browser itself.
You can do so by adding the following line as a property on Google Chrome.
"C:\Program Files (x86)\Google\Chrome\Application\chrome.exe" --auto-open-devtools-for-tabs
And for Mac users,
--auto-open-devtools-for-tabs
You can refer to the answers here to learn more options to enable DevTools.
Color Picker is a great way to select the exact color you need and be able to easily add it to the CSS of your site.
DevTools offers a color picker and accessing it is a very straightforward process.
Go to the Elements tab and from there select the Styles panel to see the CSS.
Simply click on the color square (not the value) and the color picker will show up.
The color picker has the ability to easily convert between color modes, like from HEX to RGBA.
Over 60% of all online searches are performed by mobile devices, making responsive web design a critical part of web development.
Fortunately, DevTools offers a mobile emulator, which has predefined height and width which match that of some popular mobile devices like iPhone, Pixel, Surface, and iPad.
Open DevTools and click the Toggle Device Toolbar as shown in the media above.
You can also choose between mid-tier or low-tier mobile from the “No Throttling” drop-down menu.
Additionally, dragging the handles to resize the viewport is another handy option to get the exact dimensions you need.
Ever wondered how many media queries sites like YouTube have? You can easily check it by enabling the option to see media queries.
Just click the 3 vertical dots as shown in the media above and enable media queries visibility.
You will see a new panel showing various media query breakpoints which you can click to apply.
Besides this, you can also set breakpoints in your JavaScript code quite easily.
One way to do this is by writing debugger in your code, which will pause the execution when debugger is reached.
console.log('a'); console.log('b'); debugger; console.log('c');
The other way is to go to the Sources tab and then head over to the code file and find the line where you want to pause the execution.
Then you have to click the line number on the left side of your code, which will make a blue icon appear on that line number. That’s it.
DevTools will pause before this line of code is executed.
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Dependency Injection (DI), sometimes referred to as ‘Inversion of Control’, is when an object receives other objects or functions it depends on for part of its functionality. This can be achieved by passing an object through object instantiation with a constructor or with a property setting. This is very common in the world of statically typed languages like Java or C#. There are many popular frameworks built specifically for managing dependencies in the statically typed object-oriented world.
DI allows specific functionality to be loaded at runtime. One of the advantages of being able to change the functionality of an object at runtime is to provide greater flexibility and make our applications more loosely coupled. A very common use case is using mocking during testing. There are some great libraries in Node.js like Sinon that make mocking very easy, but we can accomplish the same task by using DI.
It is very common with testing to substitute code that communicates with a database or a network request with a mock or fake. This is because in a lot of CI/CD workflows the build or testing server may not have access to a database server or a network needed for the actual service. This is an excellent use case for DI to substitute an actual service with a mock or fake service.
There are many different reasons to use DI, but testing is one of the most common reasons.
We have a technique that We have used throughout the years for configuring DI in my applications whether they are statically typed or duct-typed like JavaScript that We like to call ‘Poor Mans Dependency Injection’. With this technique, We usually create default dependent objects if a required object is not passed in on object instantiation.
Lets’ say we have a cart object that needs to calculate a tax rate for a certain location. In a lot of e-commerce systems that kind of data has to be calculated based on the location of the user, with the sales tax being different for every location. We can create a factory function that creates a shopping cart with an injectable function for calculating the tax.
function createCart(settings) { const { taxrepository } = settings; let items = []; function addItemToCart(item) { items.push(item); } function removeItemFromCart(removeThisItem) { items = items.filter((item, index, arr) => { return item.sku !== removeThisItem.sku }); } function getSubTotal() { return items.map(item => item.price * item.quantity) .reduce((accum, item) => accum + item, 0); } function getTotal() { return taxrepository(getSubTotal()) + getSubTotal(); } function getTaxes() { return taxrepository(getSubTotal()); } return Object.freeze({ addItemToCart, removeItemFromCart, getSubTotal, getTotal, getTaxes }); }
If we look at the following example, we are creating an object with functions for adding items to the cart and calculating the totals and subtotals. We have a function that we can pass into our settings constructor object called taxrepository
. We will use this function to calculate our taxes.
Lets’ create a test function for calculating our taxes. We will make this a pure function without any side effects.
function calculateMyTax(subtotal) { return subtotal * 0.11; }
When we instantiate this object with our factory function, we can just pass it into our settings object;
const cart = createCart({ taxrepository: calculateMyTax }); myCart.addItemToCart({ sku: 'DEF456', price: 2.00, quantity: 2 }); myCart.addItemToCart({ sku: 'HIG789', price: 6.00, quantity: 1 }); myCart.addItemToCart({ sku: 'ABC123', price: 12.00, quantity: 1 });
We can now get the subtotal and calculate the taxes.
console.log(`subtotal: ${myCart.getSubTotal()}`); // subtotal: 22 console.log(`taxes: ${myCart.getTaxes()}`); // taxes: 2.42 console.log(`total: ${myCart.getTotal()}`); // total: 24.42
All of the objects that We define, We try to create defaults for whenever an injectable behavior is not included in the constructor. That way if someone is using my object without passing in the needed objects, it will either get an error or a default function if it is missing from the constructor. We can modify the factory function to use a default if no taxrepository
is passed in the settings object.
We also might want to have our factory function fail if the developer calling our function forgets to pass the taxrepository
into the constructor.
if (!settings.hasOwnProperty('taxrepository')) { throw Error(`This function requires a 'taxrepository' to be passed into the contructor!`) }
DI frameworks are extremely popular in the statically typed object-oriented world of Java and .NET development, but there are DI frameworks you can use for JavaScript. One of the frameworks is called di4js, and will work with either Node.js or plain old JavaScript in the browser. Here is an example from the di4js readme;
var Car = function (engine, year) { this.engine = engine; this.year = year; }; Car.prototype.start = function () { this.engine.start(); }; var DieselEngine = function () { this.hp = 0; }; DieselEngine.prototype.start = function () { console.log("Diesel engine with " + this.hp + " hp has been started..."); }; di .autowired(false) .register('dieselEngine') .as(DieselEngine) .withProperties() .prop('hp').val(42); .register('car') .as(Car) .withConstructor() .param().ref('dieselEngine') .param().val(1976); var car = di.resolve('car'); car.start(); // Diesel engine with 42 hp has been started...
This example is from the di4js Github repo
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We love React!! We have been using the latest stuff from React in our latest project and found a lot of important and cool differences from the previous versions.
The following APIs will not only help you increase your productivity but also improve your code structure.
Any developer who is looking forward to learn React or even the ones who have been using React for a while should be able to use and enjoy the stuff in this article!!
import { BrowserRouter, Routes, Route, Link } from 'react-router-dom'; function App() { return ( <BrowserRouter> <Routes> <Route path="/" element={<Home />} /> <Route path="users/*" element={<Users />} /> </Routes> </BrowserRouter> ); } function Users() { /* All <Route path> and <Link to> values in this component will automatically be "mounted" at the /users URL prefix since the <Users> element is only ever rendered when the URL matches /users/* */ return ( <div> <nav> <Link to="me">My Profile</Link> </nav> <Routes> <Route path="/" element={<UsersIndex />} /> <Route path=":id" element={<UserProfile />} /> <Route path="me" element={<OwnUserProfile />} /> </Routes> </div> ); }
The above is standard code that is used to created routes for navigation in React projects.
Now let’s check React router v6 code:
import { BrowserRouter, Routes, Route, Link, Outlet } from 'react-router-dom'; function App() { return ( <BrowserRouter> <Routes> <Route path="/" element={<Home />} /> <Route path="users" element={<Users />}> <Route path="/" element={<UsersIndex />} /> <Route path=":id" element={<UserProfile />} /> <Route path="me" element={<OwnUserProfile />} /> </Route> </Routes> </BrowserRouter> ); } function Users() { return ( <div> <nav> <Link to="me">My Profile</Link> </nav> <Outlet /> </div> ); }
The <Outlet> element is used as a placeholder. In this case an <Outlet>enables the Users component to render its child routes. Thus the<Outlet> element will render either a <UserProfile> or <OwnUserProfile> element depending on the current location.
Thus the best way this element can be used is in layouts. You can simply create multiple layouts, for e.g.- the Dashboard Layout(for the profile and members page) or the Main Layout(for login and logout, basically when the user is not signed in). Finally, you can simply inject whichever component one needs depending on its route rather than wrapping each route component in a parent layout component like:
<Route path="/" element={<DashboardLayout />}> <Route path="/" element={<HomePage />} /> <Route path=":id" element={<UserProfile />} /> <Route path="me" element={<OwnUserProfile />} /> </Route>
import { BrowserRouter, Link, Outlet, useRoutes } from 'react-router-dom'; function App() { // The <BrowserRouter> element is removed from App because the // useRoutes hook needs to be in the context of a <BrowserRouter> // element. This is a common pattern with React Router apps that // are rendered in different environments. To render an <App>, // you'll need to wrap it in your own <BrowserRouter> element. let element = useRoutes([ // A route object has the same properties as a <Route> // element. The `children` is just an array of child routes. { path: '/', element: <Home /> }, { path: 'users', element: <Users />, children: [ { path: '/', element: <UsersIndex /> }, { path: ':id', element: <UserProfile /> }, { path: 'me', element: <OwnUserProfile /> }, ] } ]); return element; } function Users() { return ( <div> <nav> <Link to="me">My Profile</Link> </nav> <Outlet /> </div> ); }
React Router v6 ships with an awesome API for routing that uses plain JavaScript objects to declare your routes. In fact, if you look at the source of <Routes>, you’ll see that it’s really just a tiny wrapper around a hook that is at the heart of the router’s matching algorithm: useRoutes.
The useRoutes hook is a first-class API for routing that lets you declare and compose your routes using JavaScript objects instead of React elements. Continuing with the example above, let’s see what it looks like with useRoutes.
The useRoutes hook accepts a (possibly nested) array of JavaScript objects that represent the available routes in your app. Each route has a path, element, and (optionally) children, which is just another array of routes.
This nested array of Javascript objects keeps the code DRY and improves the readability of the code.
The object-based route configuration may look familiar if you were using the react-router-config package in v5. In v6, this configuration format has been promoted to a first-class API in core and the react-router-config package will be deprecated.
Moreover, the layout example in the Outlet section can be simplified as follows:
let element = useRoutes([ { path: '/', element: <DashboardLayout/>, children: [ { path: '/', element: <HomePage/> }, { path: ':id', element: <UserProfile /> }, { path: 'me', element: <OwnUserProfile /> }, ] } ]);
Ref forwarding is a cool technique for automatically passing a ref through a component to one of its children. It gives the child component a reference to a DOM element created by its parent component. This then allows the child to read and modify that element anywhere it is being used.
Before We show you how to ‘forward’ refs lets first learn what they are and how to create them.
To create a ref, use the React function called React.createRef(). These refs can then be attached to React elements via the ref attribute. Refs are somewhat similar to state. On assigning refs to instance properties of that component we can ensure that they can be referenced anywhere in the component. Check the example below:
class MyComponent extends React.Component { constructor(props) { super(props); this.newRef = React.createRef(); //newRef is now available for use throughout our component } ... } class MyComponent extends React.Component { ... render() { return <div ref={this.myRef} />; } }
Here We created a ref called newRef and and attached it to the div element in the MyComponent component. As a result, We now have the ability to update the div without changing state.
This is the significance of using refs as you can update and modify elements without using state variables that result in the re-rendering of components.
A few points of significance directly from the documentation:
Let’s imagine you have an input component. In some parts of your application, you may want the cursor focused on it when a user clicks a button. It makes more sense to modify only that particular instance of the input component without changing the state (via refs), rather than changing the state (via props) which will cause the component to re-render every-time. Similarly, you can use refs to control the state of music or video players (pause, play, stop) without them re-rendering anytime you click a button (change the state).
Think about a Medium clap button. A quick way to implement a similar feature would be to increment the count value stored in the state every time a user clicks a clap. However, this may not be very efficient. Every time a user clicks the clap button it will re-render, and if you are sending a network request to store the value in a server it will get sent as many times as the button is clicked. With refs, you can target that particular node and increment it every time a user clicks the button without causing a re-render and finally, you can send one request to our server with the final value.
You can use refs to trigger animation between elements that rely on themselves for their next state but exist in different components (this concept is called ref forwarding). Refs can also be used to simplify integration with third-party DOM libraries and managing multistep form value states etc.
Now let’s move to the technique of ref forwarding:
Ref forwarding is a technique that automatically passes a ref through a component to one of its children. Ref forwarding is very useful when building reusable component libraries. forwardRef is the function used to pass the ref to a child component. Let’s check out an example below:
function SampleButton(props) { return ( <button className="button"> {props.children} </button> ); }
The SampleButton() component is a modified button that will be used throughout the application in a similar manner as a regular DOM button, therefore accessing its DOM node may be unavoidable for managing focus, selection, or animations related to it.
In the example below, SampleComponent() uses React.forwardRef to obtain the ref passed to it, and then forward it to the DOM button that it renders:
const SampleButton = React.forwardRef((props, ref) => ( <button ref={ref} className="button"> {props.children} </button> )); const ref = React.createRef(); <SampleButton ref={ref}>Click me!</SampleButton>;
Now that We’ve wrapped the SampleButton component with the forwardRef method, components using it can get a ref to the underlying button DOM node and access it if necessary – just like if they used a DOM button directly.
Here’s a clarification for the code above:
We have just covered the basics of these very extensive topics. Hope you try them out in your coming React projects.
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We are excited to announce the release of Node.js 16 today! Highlights include the update of the V8 JavaScript engine to 9.0, prebuilt Apple Silicon binaries, and additional stable APIs.
You can download the latest release from https://nodejs.org/en/download/current/, or use Node Version Manager on UNIX to install with nvm install 16
. The Node.js blog post containing the changelog is available at https://nodejs.org/en/blog/release/v16.0.0.
Initially, Node.js 16 will replace Node.js 15 as our ‘Current’ release line. As per the release schedule, Node.js 16 will be the ‘Current’ release for the next 6 months and then promoted to Long-term Support (LTS) in October 2021. Once promoted to long-term support the release will be designated the codename ‘Gallium’.
As a reminder – Node.js 12 will remain in long-term support until April 2022, and Node.js 14 will remain in long-term support until April 2023. Node.js 10 will go End-of-Life at the end of this month (April 2021). More details on our release plan/schedule can be found in the Node.js Release Working Group repository.
As always a new version of the V8 JavaScript engine brings performance tweaks and improvements as well as keeping Node.js up to date with JavaScript language features. In Node.js v16.0.0, the V8 engine is updated to V8 9.0 — up from V8 8.6 in Node.js 15.
This update brings the ECMAScript RegExp Match Indices, which provide the start and end indices of the captured string. The indices array is available via the .indices
property on match objects when the regular expression has the /d
flag.
> const matchObj = /(Java)(Script)/d.exec('JavaScript'); undefined > matchObj.indices [ [ 0, 10 ], [ 0, 4 ], [ 4, 10 ], groups: undefined ] > matchObj.indices[0]; // Match [ 0, 10 ] > matchObj.indices[1]; // First capture group [ 0, 4 ] > matchObj.indices[2]; // Second capture group [ 4, 10 ]
The Timers Promises API provides an alternative set of timer functions that return Promise objects, removing the need to use util.promisify()
.
import { setTimeout } from 'timers/promises'; async function run() { await setTimeout(5000); console.log('Hello, World!'); } run();
Added in Node.js v15.0.0 by James Snell (https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/33950), in this release, they graduate from experimental status to stable.
The nature of our release process means that new features are released in the ‘Current’ release line approximately every two weeks. For this reason, many recent additions have already been made available in the most recent Node.js 15 releases, but are still relatively new to the runtime.
Some of the recently released features in Node.js 15, which will also be available in Node.js 16, include:
AbortController
implementation based on the AbortController Web API(buffer.atob(data))
and btoa (buffer.btoa(data))
implementations for compatibility with legacy web platform APIsNode.js provides pre-built binaries for several different platforms. For each major release, the minimum toolchains are assessed and raised where appropriate.
Node.js v16.0.0 will be the first release where we ship prebuilt binaries for Apple Silicon. While we’ll be providing separate tarballs for the Intel (darwin-x64)
and ARM (darwin-arm64)
architectures the macOS installer (.pkg)
will be shipped as a ‘fat’ (multi-architecture) binary.
The production of these binaries was made possible thanks to the generosity of MacStadium donating the necessary hardware to the project.
On our Linux-based platforms, the minimum GCC level for building Node.js 16 will be GCC 8.3. Details about the supported toolchains and compilers are documented in the Node.js BUILDING.md file.
As a new major release, it’s also the time where we introduce new runtime deprecations. The Node.js project aims to minimize the disruption to the ecosystem for any breaking changes. The project uses a tool named CITGM (Canary in the Goldmine), to test the impact of any breaking changes (including deprecations) on a large number of the popular ecosystem modules to provide additional insight before landing these changes.
Notable deprecations in Node.js 16 include the runtime deprecation of access to process.binding()
for a number of the core modules, such as process.binding('http_parser')
.
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